Gushyushya umwuka ushushe hamwe no kwumisha ubushyuhe buke (nanone byitwa ko hafi yumye cyangwa mububiko drying) gukoresha amahame abiri atandukanye yo gukama. Byombi bifite inyungu zabyo nibibi kandi rimwe na rimwe bikoreshwa muguhuza urugero, muri sisitemu ebyiri zo kumisha.
Kuma ikirere gishyushye gikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi kugirango byumuke vuba kandi inzira yo kumisha irangiye mugihe impuzandengo yubushuhe (MC) igeze kuri MC yanyuma.
Mu gukama ubushyuhe buke intego ni ukugenzura ubushuhe bugereranije (RH) kuruta ubushyuhe bwumuyaga wumye kugirango ibice byose byintete muburiri bwimbitse bigere kuburinganire bwuzuye (EMC).
Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana itandukaniro rikomeye:
Mumuyaga ushyushye-uburiri bwumwanya wumyeumwuka ushushe wumye winjira mubwinshi bwibinyampeke winjira, unyura mu ngano mugihe winjiza amazi hanyuma usohokera ingano kumasoko. Ibinyampeke byinjira byumye vuba kuko aho ngaho umwuka wumye ufite ubushobozi bwo gufata amazi menshi. Kubera uburiri butagabanije kandi ugereranije n’umuvuduko mwinshi wo mu kirere, gukama bibaho mu byiciro byose by’ingano, ariko byihuta ku cyinjiriro kandi bitinda gusohoka (reba imirongo yumisha ku meza).
Nkigisubizo cya gradient igenda itera imbere, iracyahari kumpera yumye. Uburyo bwo kumisha burahagarikwa mugihe impuzandengo yubushuhe bwibinyampeke (ingero zafashwe mukumisha umwuka wumuyaga no guhumeka ikirere) zingana nubushuhe bwa nyuma bwifuzwa. Iyo ingano zipakuruwe kandi zuzuye mumifuka ingano yumuntu ku giti cye iringaniza bivuze ko ibinyampeke bitose birekura amazi icyuma cyumye adsorb kuburyo nyuma yigihe gito ibinyampeke byose bifite MC imwe.
Kongera guhanagura ibinyampeke byumye, ariko, biganisha ku gucika bigatuma ibinyampeke bimeneka mugihe cyo gusya. Ibi birasobanura impamvu gusya gukira hamwe numuceri wumutwe wimbuto zumye zumye mubitanda byateganijwe neza ntabwo ari byiza. Bumwe mu buryo bwo kugabanya ibipimo by'ubushuhe mugihe cyo kumisha ni ukuvanga ibinyampeke mumashini yumisha nyuma ya 60-80% yigihe cyo kumara kirangiye.
Mu gukama ubushyuhe bukeikigamijwe mu micungire yumye ni ugukomeza RH yumwuka wumuyaga ugereranije nubushyuhe buringaniye (ERH) bujyanye nubushuhe bwa nyuma bwifuzwa bwimbuto, cyangwa ibirimo moisutre iringaniye (EMC). Ingaruka yubushyuhe ni nto ugereranije na RH (Imbonerahamwe 2).
Niba nkurugero MC ya nyuma ya 14% yifuzwa umuntu agomba guhitamo RH yumuyaga wumye hafi 75%. Mu myitozo umwuka wibidukikije urashobora gukoreshwa kumanywa mugihe cyizuba. Mwijoro no mugihe cyimvura mbere yo gushyushya gato umwuka wibidukikije kuri 3-6ºK birahagije kugirango RH igabanuke kurwego rukwiye
Umwuka wumye winjira mubwinshi bwibinyampeke kandi mugihe unyuze mubinyampeke byumye ibinyampeke bitose kugeza umwuka wuzuye. Mugihe ukurura amazi umwuka ukonja kuri dogere nkeya. Mu nzira igana mu bice byinshi by'ingano umwuka ntushobora gukurura amazi menshi, kubera ko yamaze guhaga, ariko ufata ubushyuhe buterwa no guhumeka, udukoko no gukura kw'ibihumyo bityo bikarinda gushyushya igice cy'ibinyampeke bikiri bitose. Kuma imbere ya santimetero nyinshi z'ubujyakuzimu biratera imbere kandi bigenda buhoro buhoro bigana ku isoko hasigara ingano zumye. Nyuma yo kumisha imbere isize ingano ingano yumye irangiye. Ukurikije ibimera byambere, umuvuduko wumwuka, ubujyakuzimu bwimbuto hamwe numwuka wumuyaga ibi birashobora gufata iminsi 5 kugeza ibyumweru byinshi.
Uburyo bwo kumisha ubushyuhe buke buritonda cyane kandi butanga ubuziranenge mugihe ukomeza umuvuduko mwinshi. Kubera ko umuvuduko muke muke ukoreshwa (0.1 m / s) kandi mbere yo gushyushya umwuka wumye ntabwo buri gihe bikenewe, ingufu zihariye zisabwa ni nkeya muri sisitemu zose zumye. Kuma ubushyuhe buke mubisanzwe birasabwa nkicyiciro cya kabiri kumisha padi hamwe na MC itarenze 18%. Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri IRRI bwerekanye ko hamwe nogucunga neza byumye ndetse nintete zasaruwe vuba hamwe na MC ya 28% zishobora gukama neza murwego rumwe rwumisha ubushyuhe buke niba ubujyakuzimu bugarukira kuri 2m kandi umuvuduko wumwuka uri byibuze 0.1 m / s. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, mu ntara nyinshi zigenda zitera imbere, aho usanga ingufu z’amashanyarazi zikunze kugaragara, biratera akaga gakomeye ko gushyira ibinyampeke byinshi mu bwinshi nta mashanyarazi asubira inyuma kugira ngo akoreshe abafana.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-22-2024